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Conventional bearings provide radial or axial support for the main shaft allowing relative movement between the inner and outer rings. The inner ring and the outer ring are connected by balls or rollers, and the supporting force is also transmitted between these three. Oil film bearings do not have balls or rollers. They use pressure oil for lubrication or heat dissipation. Both types of bearings have been used for hundreds of years. Magnetic bearings support rotating components different from the above two products.
A magnetic bearing is a non-contact bearing that suspends rotating parts between fixed parts by electromagnetic force. This means no friction, no wear, and higher stability, and higher speeds can be achieved. The electromagnetic force is mainly related to the current and the size of the gas gap. The sensor collects the data of the gap size, and the control system adjusts the current output according to the input signal.
Magnetic bearings are mainly composed of three parts: Bearings and sensors: Bearings provide support to the spindle and sensors collect position signals.
Control system: Responsible for providing power, and calculate correct corrective force based on feedback signals to drive controllers in different directions. Piece system: responsible for the feedback signal calculation and output.
The main disadvantages of magnetic bearings are: they are bulky and require power supplies, as well as complex structures and algorithms.
Application of Magnetic Bearing on High Speed ​​Spindle of Machine Tool
The magnetic bearing can obtain 100,000 rpm on a high-speed spindle. On the one hand, it can improve the surface processing effect. On the other hand, its service life is much longer than the traditional bearings. Although this technology is still in the prototype test stage, many advantages have been fully reflected. Its performance is not affected by thermal effects, there is no wear, and it shuts down automatically under overload conditions.