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Irrigation technology of garden trees
After planting garden trees, it is essential to water them thoroughly to meet their hydration needs. This helps the branches grow properly and encourages flowering, allowing the ornamental and greenery benefits of the plants to fully develop. Proper watering also supports the overall health and vitality of the trees.
Newly planted seedlings require consistent watering to help the roots establish a strong connection with the surrounding soil. In May and June, as temperatures rise and plant growth accelerates, it becomes even more important to ensure adequate moisture. In some northern regions, early spring can be dry with limited rainfall, making timely irrigation crucial for promoting tree sprouting, flowering, new shoot development, and improving fruit set rates. In saline-alkali areas, irrigation after the initial spring watering can also help reduce soil alkalinity.
During July and August, when hot and dry weather typically occurs, most trees experience their peak growth period. In northern regions, where evaporation is high, newly planted trees must be watered frequently. The irrigation should be deep enough to saturate the soil, avoiding situations where the top layer is wet but the subsoil remains dry. Mature trees should receive water to a depth of 80 to 100 cm, with the ideal amount being around 60% to 80% of the soil’s maximum water-holding capacity. Before winter arrives, especially in colder northern areas, a final watering should be done to prevent frost damage and protect the tree’s shoots.
The number of irrigation sessions throughout the year depends on local climate and conditions. Typically, eight irrigations per year are recommended, from March to November. In dry years or in areas with poor soil quality, the frequency should be increased. Using the correct irrigation method ensures even water distribution, conserves water, reduces soil erosion, maintains good soil structure, and maximizes water efficiency.
Furrow irrigation involves digging ditches between rows of plants and directing water through them. This method is labor-efficient but uses more water. Basin irrigation, on the other hand, involves filling tree basins with water, which is ideal for street trees, saves water, and is cost-effective. Sprinkler irrigation mimics natural rainfall by using pipes to spray water over large areas, making it suitable for lawns and extensive green spaces.
It is best to use river water, pond water, stream water, well water, or tap water for irrigation. However, in urban areas, it's important to avoid industrial wastewater, as it may contain harmful chemicals that can damage plants. Before watering, loosen the soil to prevent compaction and allow better moisture penetration. Once the surface begins to dry, cover it with fine dry soil or lightly cultivate the area to minimize water evaporation. During the hot summer months of July and August, it's advisable to water in the early morning or late evening. Watering at midday, when temperatures are highest, can cause a sudden drop in soil temperature, leading to root stress and physiological drought.