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The state will strengthen research and development of deep sea oil and gas equipment
At the first national marine science and technology conference held on September 4, Li Xueyong, vice minister of the Ministry of Science and Technology, emphasized that during the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, the ministry will significantly increase investment in marine science and technology. The focus will be on implementing major national scientific and technological projects for offshore oil and gas development and strengthening deep-sea exploration and production capabilities. This includes advancing the research and development of key technologies and equipment necessary for deep-sea oil and gas operations.
In line with the goals outlined in the "National Medium- and Long-Term Plan for Scientific and Technological Development," the Ministry of Science and Technology will make comprehensive arrangements across basic research, high-tech innovation, scientific support, and the construction of science and technology platforms. First, it will enhance the development of marine science and technology platforms to improve oceanic research capabilities. Second, it will implement major national projects for large-scale oil and gas field and coalbed methane development, focusing on the research and development of critical technologies and equipment for deep-sea oil and gas. Additionally, it will provide strong technological support for the growth of marine industries.
The ministry will also launch key technologies and equipment for natural gas hydrate exploration and development in the South China Sea during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan. Projects will include exploration and development technologies, seawater desalination and utilization, three-dimensional monitoring systems for the marine power environment, and key technologies for deep-sea space stations. Other initiatives will involve mid-drilling testing equipment, red tide monitoring, and ocean forecasting. At the same time, the ministry is advancing the deployment of frontier ocean technologies and basic research, establishing four key topics under the national "863" plan: three-dimensional marine environmental monitoring, marine oil and gas exploration, marine biological resource exploitation, and deep-sea exploration and operation. It is also strengthening the innovation system for marine science and technology.
Currently, China's offshore oil and gas development is mainly concentrated in waters less than 100 meters deep, while deep-sea oil and gas fields remain largely unexplored. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop deep-sea exploration and production equipment, such as deep-sea oil drilling rigs, submarine-based systems, subsea wellheads, and maintenance equipment. Mobile drilling and production platforms, floating production systems capable of operating at depths over 500 meters, and safety testing and maintenance equipment like underwater robots are also essential. Gas hydrate exploration and recovery technologies, along with positioning, communication, transportation, life-saving, and environmental protection equipment, must be developed to support deep-sea operations.
According to Xu Yuzhong, deputy secretary-general of the China Petroleum and Petrochemical Equipment Industry Association, the technical requirements for shallow sea oil equipment are similar to those on land. Currently, China can independently design, manufacture, and install offshore oil equipment such as drilling platforms, Christmas trees, single-point mooring systems, and FPSOs (Floating Production Storage and Offloading units), as well as subsea pipelines. Companies like Sichuan Oil Guanghan Honghua and Baoji Petroleum Machinery have developed marine AC variable-frequency drilling rigs, while Nanyang No.2 Machine and China Shipbuilding Heavy Industry Group have produced drilling ships and floating oil tankers. These products not only meet domestic demand but are also exported.
However, deep-sea oil and gas development equipment requires higher technical standards, especially in terms of stability and precision. As a result, such equipment is currently not produced domestically. Although large-scale deep-sea oil and gas development may not be fully realized during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, developing exploration and mining technologies and equipment is crucial as a technological reserve. This requires focusing limited scientific resources on supporting enterprises with strong technological bases, accelerating their development, and striving for breakthroughs in key areas as soon as possible.