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Chinese scientists have developed fiber nanogenerators
Editor's note: A groundbreaking innovation in nanotechnology has been made by Professor Wang Zhonglin, a leading expert in materials science at the Georgia Institute of Technology. His research team recently developed a novel fiber-based nanogenerator capable of converting mechanical energy into electrical power. This latest advancement follows their earlier work on DC nanogenerators and marks another significant leap in the field of nano-power generation.
According to a recent article published in *Nature* on February 14, Wang’s team has achieved a new breakthrough by growing zinc oxide nanowires on elastic fibers. These nanowires are able to transform low-frequency vibrations from the fibers into usable electrical energy. This development represents a major step forward in the quest for sustainable and efficient energy solutions at the nanoscale.
Professor Wang Zhonglin, who serves as the overseas director of the National Nano Center and a faculty member at Georgia Tech, has been a pioneer in the field of nanogenerators since 2006. That year, he introduced the concept of piezotronics, leveraging the unique properties of zinc oxide—its semiconductor and piezoelectric characteristics. When these nanowires are stretched or compressed, they generate positive and negative potentials, respectively. The Schottky barrier formed between the zinc oxide and metal electrodes helps regulate charge accumulation and release, enabling the conversion of mechanical motion into electricity.
In early 2007, Wang’s group used ultrasonic waves to drive arrays of nanowires, creating a prototype nanogenerator that could harvest external mechanical energy and convert it into electrical current. Although the initial output was relatively small, reaching hundreds of nanoamperes, the team is now working to enhance the performance of the fiber-based system. Strategies include coating the fibers with conductive materials before growing the nanowires, which reduces internal resistance and increases current output. Expanding the number of fibers is also being explored to boost overall energy production.
The journal’s reviewers praised the study, calling it "creative and groundbreaking," and noting that the author’s approach is "revolutionary." Wang believes this technology holds great promise for applications in biotechnology, nanodevices, portable electronics, and even defense systems.
He emphasized that nanotechnology has evolved beyond basic material studies to the development of functional nanodevices such as sensors, motors, and even robots. However, these miniaturized systems still rely heavily on traditional power sources like batteries. "There is an urgent need for nano-scale power systems that can provide reliable energy for further miniaturization and integration of nanodevices," Wang said.
This achievement has already attracted attention from major international media outlets, including BBC, NBC, PBS, and National Geographic, highlighting its significance in the global scientific community.