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Vegetable Formula Fertilization
Third, fertilization of vegetables in a boron room.
1. Fertilization Principle: The amount of fertilizer should be determined based on the expected yield of the vegetables and the nutrient content of the soil. The timing of fertilization should also consider the nutritional and physiological characteristics of the plants. Organic and phosphate fertilizers are typically used as base fertilizers before sowing or planting. The frequency of top-dressing depends on the growth duration of the vegetable. Vegetables with a short growing cycle may require 1–2 top-dressings during mid-growth, while those with a longer growth period might need 3–4 applications during peak nutrient demand, usually every 14–20 days. The method of fertilization should vary depending on the type of vegetable and fertilizer used. Phosphate fertilizers tend to be fixed in the soil, so they should be applied in concentrated areas. Nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are generally applied through furrows or in localized spots. In the later stages of growth, they can also be applied via irrigation or foliar sprays for better absorption.
2. Application Methods:
- Increase organic fertilizer use. Applying organic materials with high cellulose content (high C/N ratio) helps improve the soil’s ability to buffer nutrients, prevents salt buildup, and delays soil salinization.
- Deep tillage. Since salt tends to accumulate in the top layer of protected soils, deep plowing after harvest is essential. This moves the salt-rich topsoil down and brings less salty subsoil to the surface, reducing salt damage significantly.
- Remove plastic mulch to wash away salt. After harvesting summer crops, removing the film allows rain and sunlight to naturally leach out salts from the soil. If not covered for several days during the rainy season, this process is highly effective in reducing soil salinity. Alternatively, flooding the field during hot seasons can help wash out salts and also kill pathogens by raising water temperature.
- Apply base fertilizer deeply and limit top-dressing. When using chemical fertilizers as base fertilizer, it's best to apply them deeper into the soil. Top-dressing should be done in small amounts but More frequently to meet plant needs without overloading the soil. Excessive application at once can increase soil solution concentration.
- Promote foliar feeding. While roots are the main nutrient absorbers, leaves and stems can also take up nutrients directly from foliar sprays. In protected cultivation, foliar feeding doesn’t harm the soil, so it is encouraged. Urea, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and some micronutrients are ideal for foliar applications.
By following these practices, you can ensure healthy growth, improve yield, and maintain long-term soil fertility in your boron room.