Power plant SIS system aiming at economic control

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In the 21st century, the power market will gradually enter the era of market economy with the implementation of a series of reform measures such as the separation of the plant and the network, and high-priced Internet access. Electricity market transactions will be implemented in modern information networks. For this reason, power generation companies will certainly accelerate their entry into the information network era with irresistible trends. Thermal power plants and even power systems and power companies will form an information network that automates and automates production processes.

The power plant SIS system is the intermediate link between the automation of the production process of the power plant and the information network of the power market transaction. It is the intermediate control layer for the power generation enterprise to achieve power generation to market transactions, and is the core of the integration of production process control and production information management. Realize the information network control hub.

The power plant SIS system adopts the latest enterprise three-tier structure design scheme plus real-time production information release layer and production process control layer and a total of five layers, constituting a common standard platform for modern enterprises. see picture 1.

The function of the SIS system covers the following five aspects;

·Realize the whole plant production process monitoring ·Real-time processing of plant-wide economic information and cost accounting ·High-cost online processing system ·Realizing economic load distribution among units ·Unit operation economic evaluation and optimization of operation operation 1. Power plant SIS system is power plant power production With the continuous improvement of the DCS system performance, the reliability, openness, implementability, and performance-to-price ratio of the DCS system have also been continuously improved. The realization of comprehensive safety and economic control of machines, furnaces, and electricity is a mature technology. At the same time, the chemical water treatment, the ash removal system, and the coal transportation system of the power plant can all achieve computer control. Therefore, the automation of the power plant production process has basically been realized. At the same time, the production information can also be collected and processed in real time through an automation system. The SIS system of the power plant collects and processes the production information of each unit in order to realize the operation monitoring and economic control of the entire plant.

Power grid dispatch and power market transactions are information exchanges of power plants in real time, as shown in Figure 2. The power grid trading center deals with power generation companies, including data reporting on the Internet, futures and on-site trading, power grid dispatch scheduling instructions, and transaction settlement.
These processes are performed between the grid dispatch center and the power plant SIS system. The power plant SIS system will process all these information from the power grid center and will be fed back to the power plant operation control layer power price processing system. Here the power plant SIS system plays a pivotal role in connection with power generation and trading. Therefore, it is required to have high reliability, openness, scalability, complete functions, and perfect management.

Second, the power plant SIS system to achieve the whole plant production process monitoring Power plant SIS system, one of the functions is to achieve the power plant control system for each production process, including the furnace DCS system, network control system, plant power system, chemical water treatment system, in addition to Real-time production data and production processes such as ash systems and coal transportation systems are monitored and queried in a unified manner. The production data must be comprehensively processed to form the entire plant's production report and production costs.

For the power grid load dispatching, the economic load distribution shall be carried out according to the operating conditions of the existing units. At the same time, a comprehensive economic evaluation of the current unit operating conditions shall be carried out to form the operational guidance for improving the operation measures and feedback to the DCS system of each unit. Optimized operation. See Figure 3.

In order to monitor and query the data and screens of the DCS, the real-time data of the DCS must first pass through the DCS gateway, according to the needs of the SIS network of the power plant and send the relevant real-time production data according to the enterprise information system standards, and store the data in the enterprise level. In the database. Real-time graphics, tabular or curve display applications on the web server are directly obtained from the enterprise management platform, and historical curve or data display applications are obtained from the enterprise-level database. The user of the monitoring station monitors the system screen through the universal client.

The network system should be changed from traditional instrumentation and manual operation button switches to CRT monitoring. That is, the network system should be monitored with a computer system. If a new power plant can be considered, all the electrical operations should be included in the DCS system, and then the network control information should be sent through the gateway. People in enterprise database. Auxiliary workshops include chemical water treatment systems, ash removal systems, and coal transportation systems, which can be processed by gateways in their respective program-controlled computer systems and sent to enterprise-level databases.

Third, the realization of the economic load of the unit on the generator set to achieve economic load to consider two situations:

1. According to the contracts of futures trading and cash transactions signed between power generation companies and power grid power trading centers, power generation companies must formulate long-term and near-term maintenance plans and operation plans accordingly, and in accordance with the requirements of daily load forecasting, optimize The unit combination arranges the next day's generator set and operation mode, while arranging the corresponding spare capacity.

2. In accordance with the daily load dispatching curve of the grid dispatching center, the dispatching center will, based on actual changes in the grid load, the grid EMS system will issue AGC commands to the power plants in real time to adjust the power generation, if the power grid dispatch load adjustment Is the order issued by the power plant, the power plant's SIS system will be in accordance with the process of Figure (4), the load adjustment command AP of the grid center, according to the unit and other micro-increasing rate principles for the economic load of each unit of the power plant.

Fourth, real-time processing of plant-wide economic information and cost accounting implementation of the separation of plant and network and the establishment of power generation side power market transactions, so that power generation enterprises to form an independent business accounting and independent accounting corporate entity, the company's goal is to demand the pursuit of the highest economic efficiency, strict Economic control and realization of cost accounting for power generation are very important factors for the operation of the power plant. Realizing cost accounting is the core of the whole plant management, and is also the basis for bidding to calculate electricity prices.

The cost of electricity generation is basically composed of fixed costs and variable costs. Fixed costs are made up of management costs and repayment costs, while variable costs are made up of operating expenses and maintenance costs. These costs have been calculated automatically with the development of management information systems and the development of power plant DCS control systems. With the establishment of control and information integration, the cost calculation and economic analysis of power plants can be realized in real-time and comprehensive calculations. The logical block diagram is shown in Figure (5). If this system first establishes the SIS network of the power plant (see Section 6), the DCS system of each unit of the entire plant is connected to the SIS system through a gateway. At the same time, the financial management, loan management and other systems are also linked with the SIS system to realize the interconnection of the whole plant information. At the same time, an enterprise-level network database is established on the SIS network. This database is a large-scale commercial database that runs in real time. The data format adopts unified standards. Support for the establishment of the SQL language database must be strictly according to the database design requirements in order to establish strict data management.

The production cost data information can be calculated by the performance of the DCS system, and the relevant production cost information can be sent to the database in real time. The related information of the fixed cost must also be sent to the database regularly from the relevant information of the production management system, and the database management. The system must periodically perform the above-mentioned information on production costs in an integrated and real-time manner in order to form the company's power generation costs.

V. The Internet access processing system for power generation companies was based on the power system reform proposed by the State Power Corporation in 1998 to “implement the province as an entity and separate the plant and the network.” Accordingly, “implementation of an implementation plan framework for separate establishment of a power generation-side power market by network manufacturers was established. Separation of power plants owned and managed by power grid operation companies into a legal entity for power generation companies that operate and account independently, and in this way, the National Power Dispatching and Communication Center will formulate an “implementation plan framework for separate establishment of a power generation-side power market by network manufacturers.” The power market technical support system should adopt an open and distributed architecture and actively adopt international standards, national standards, industrial standards and general technology.
The high-price Internet access technology support system designed here generally meets the following requirements:

A. Reliability: To ensure the reliable operation of the technical support system;

B. Security: To ensure the security of data and systems, and adopt adaptive encryption protection measures;

C. Integrity: Ensure the integrity of data and transactions;

D. Accuracy: Through checking and other methods, ensure that the correct data is obtained;

E, consistency: to ensure the consistency of the data;

F. Continuity: Continuous service can be provided 24 hours a day, 365 days a year;

G. Timeliness: ensure timely transaction processing and timely data transmission;

H. Openness: Adopt open system architecture and functional distribution system design;

I. Expandability: Adapt to the development of the electricity market, changes in rules, and the development of technology.

The overall system parameter index is:

A. The annual availability of the transaction management system is ≥ 99.95%;

B. The annual availability rate of the settlement system is ≥99.95%;

C. The annual availability rate of the contract management system is ≥ 99.75%;

D. Annual availability rate of power generation quotation system ≥ 99.75%;

E. Annual availability of data network system ≥100%;

According to the power system implementation requirements of the power generation side, the power generation side of the quotation system and power generation management should achieve the following functions shown in Figure (6): quote data declaration, contract management, power generation cost analysis, electricity price calculation operation plan, maintenance plan, resource optimization, market Analysis, risk analysis, and monitoring of plant conditions.

Contract management: It mainly manages medium-term contracts (such as Japan) and long-term contracts (such as years) between power plants and grid operators. It is also called futures contract management. Due to the inherent characteristics of power systems, futures exchanges account for a large proportion. (Currently about 80%) So the contract management system is very important.

Power generation quotation data declaration system: mainly for the purpose of realizing the next day's price on the Internet, the declaration data including technical data (power generation) and economic data (electricity price) will be reported at one point every half hour, that is, 48 ​​points per day, 6 points or 8 points per point. Segment data. The SPDnet data network node equipment is generally required for power plants that have been connected to the Internet to achieve access to the power grid SIS.

Planning of power generation plan: According to the conditions of futures trading and spot trading as well as the condition of the unit, at the same time taking into account the grid's comprehensive consideration of the reserve capacity required by the power generation enterprise.

Resource optimization is achieved by two-stage control: the operation control layer of the unit must rely on the coordinated control and optimized operation of the DCS. The optimization of the plant level depends on the economic load distribution of the whole plant, and the generator sets deviate from the optimum operating conditions due to the defects of the equipment itself or the lack of economic indicators to guide the operators' non-economic “misoperation” and other reasons. The operation will reduce the operating efficiency of the unit, increase the coal consumption of the power generation, and reduce the economic efficiency of the unit operation. Therefore, the economic evaluation of the operating conditions can be performed, the reasons can be analyzed, and the operation guidance can be provided.

VI. Network Structure of Power Plant SIS System 1. System Overview The network structure of the SIS system is based on the production and management model of the company's Intranet architecture (see Figure 7). The related products developed have begun trial operation in some power plants. The overall design idea of ​​the system is to use the latest enterprise three-tier structure design solution plus a real-time production information release layer and a production process control layer and a total of five layers to constitute a common standard platform for modern enterprises (especially power plants).

The enterprise three-tier architecture is enterprise database server (data warehouse) + enterprise web server (application server) + universal thin client.

In order to monitor and view the real-time data and process screens of each production process control system of a company, such as a decentralized control system (DCS), the information and real-time data of each production process control system must first pass through the gateway software (such as a DCS gateway) according to the enterprise. The management network needs to send static and dynamic data related to real-time production to the enterprise production management network system according to the enterprise information system coding standard. The enterprise production management system is responsible for collecting and sorting various production data and providing a unified set of data for production management users. The process flow chart displays the query interface, and the online production data is stored in the enterprise-level data warehouse, and the production history data of the enterprise is processed and processed. The enterprise Web server also serves as the software and data centralized management and release site of the enterprise production management system, which is used by production management users to download, update, and use, and also provides a simple interface for enterprise external network users to query production data. Historical curve or data query and display are obtained by the client application from the enterprise production historical data warehouse. The system engineer of the enterprise production management system configures, generates or modifies the measuring points and screens of the real-time production system through the management site or thin client according to their own work rights, and publishes them to the enterprise client through the enterprise web server.

The contents of various parts of the power plant SIS system are described as follows:

2. The function description of each part of the system is described as follows from the right to the left according to the above system network structure and main information flow:

2.1 Network System 1) The network control system is transformed from traditional instrument monitoring and manual operation of button switches to full CRT monitoring. The main contents include sequence control of generator/transformer groups, transmission lines and plant power, and through RTU. Receive AGC information sent by the superior EMS.

2) Add the function of real-time publishing network control information to the management through the gateway.

2.2 Gateway server of DCS system 1) Receive real-time production process data and status of DCS and other systems, and convert the enterprise production data required in the enterprise management platform and send it to the enterprise real-time database.

2) Configure and manage the mapping relationship between real-time production process data and enterprise production data, and be responsible for the synchronization of DCS and enterprise network measurement points.

3) Configuration and operation management can be achieved through remote management.

2.3 Enterprise Data Warehouse 1) According to the requirements of the enterprise data warehouse should be used commercial database and can support SQL language;

2) Record all enterprise production data as enterprise historical data;

3) As a data warehouse for other information systems.

2.4 System Application Servers include Web servers and enterprise advanced application servers. The size of the visual system will be produced or split into multiple independent servers.

The enterprise WEB server mainly has the following functions:

1) As a public server for corporate intranets and the Internet (Intranet/Internet).

2) As the WWW public server of the system, all HTML files of the management system are browsed by customers inside and outside the company.

3) Manage and maintain the graphical configuration of the system and run the graphical environment and graphics in real time for users to browse at the client level.

4) Manage and maintain enterprise-level point configuration tables for users to browse at the customer level.

5) Responsible for storing the data in the real-time database in the historical data warehouse.

Enterprise advanced application servers mainly include:

1) Calculation of power generation cost and economic analysis, as an auxiliary tool for enterprise production 2) Economic evaluation and operation guidance for unit operation 3) Equipment maintenance plan 4) Power generation plan 5) Economic load distribution 6) On-grid tariff and power trading management system In addition, Other off-line information systems of the enterprise such as financial, fuel, material and other application server systems should have corresponding interfaces to connect with enterprise data.

2.5 System administrator site l) According to the needs of the enterprise management network, the configuration generates and maintains a unified production management point table 2) Configuration and maintenance of DCS and other systems in the enterprise management network of various graphic images, such as simulation Figure, trend bar, related pictures, dynamic icons, analog text, digital text, etc. 3) Maintenance processing and release related to software update 4) Gateway generation and update maintenance 2.6 System client is the final user interface, mainly Has the following features:

1) Real-time monitoring of the unit: real-time display through analog maps, trend charts, bar graphs, related screens, list of measuring points, dynamic icons, analog texts, and binary texts, as well as analog, digital, and analog over-limits The real-time display of the list of switching jumps and the like is performed by production management personnel to monitor each unit in real time.

2) History curve processing: Searches and displays the history curve of the analog measurement points of various generator sets and electrical systems stored in the enterprise data warehouse server.

3) Production and review of production data, reports, search, statistics, etc.

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